Motor.



No. 874,303, PATENTED DEG. 17, 1907.

E. 0. & L. H. COCHRAN.'

n MOTOR.

APPLIOATION FILED MAB. 15. 1906.

5 SHEETS-SHEET l.

uw@ LOvSRODCMvQw,

E? www@ MWM' No. 874,503. PATENTED DEO. 17, 1907. E. O. O L.'H. COCHRAN.

- MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAB.15.1906.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2. y

PATENTED DBG. 17, 1907.

E. O. & L. H. COCHRAN.

MOTOR.

APPLIOATION FILED 11.111.15.1906.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

WITNESS@ "imac Ca oEvvokou 4 l v W PATENTED DEG. 17, 1907.

E. 0. 61; L. H. COCHRAN. MOTOR.

APPLIOMION FILED MAR.15.1906.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

www

el Hoz muy ,'No. 874,303. PATENTED DEG. 1'7, 1907.

I E. 0. & L. H. COCHRAN.

MOTOR. APPLICATION FILED MAB. 15. 190B.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

'WITNESSESf NV NTORS,

UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEErCE.-

EZRA OSCAR COCHRAN AND LOUIS HARRY COCHRAN, OF DENVER, COLORADO.

MOTOR.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 17, 1907.

l Application filed March 15. 1906. Serial No. 806.227.

and LOUIS HARRY COCHRAN, Citizens ofthe United States, residing atDenver, in the county of Denver and State of Colorado, have inventedcertain new and useful lmprovemonts in Motors; and We do hereby declarethe following to bea full, clear, and

yexact description` of the invention, such as will enable Others skilledin the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to compressed air motors, and has. for an objectto provide a machine of the Class embodying new and im- -proved featuresof reliability, strength, util-F ity and eflcienoy.

A furtherobject of the invention is to provide a machine of the Classembodying moving parts capable of continuing a machine in motion for aconsiderable length of time and to store energy during such operationfor use at another time.

A further object ofthe invention is to provide a double acting cylinderand piston of improved form.

A further obj ect of the inventionis to pro vide a single actingcylinder and piston of improved form.

Vitli these and other objects in view, the invention comprises certainnovel constructions, combinations and arrangements of parts, as will behereinafter fully described and claimed.

- ln the drawings :-Figure 1 is a view ofthe improved compressedairmotor in end ele# vation and the air compressor in side elevation. Fig.2 is a view of the improved compressed air motor partly in sideelevation and partly in vertical section, and of the air .compressor inend elevation. Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical sectional view of theimproved compressed air motor. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of one Ofthe weights operated by the-cylinders and pistons. Fig. 5 is aperspective view of a different form of Weight. Fig. 6 is a view in sideelevation of one of the cylinders and pistons. Fig. 7 is a view inlongitudinal section of one of the vsingle acting cylinders and pistonsof the expansion type. Fig. 8 is a view in longitudinal section of oneof the single acting cylinders and pistons of the contracting type. Fig.9 is -a View ofone of the single acting cylinders and pistons in endelevation. Fig. 10 is a longitudirial sectional view of one of thedouble acting lcylinders and pistons. Fig. 11 1s a transverse verticalsectional view of one of the port blocks taken on line 12-12 ofFig. 2.Fig. 12 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view through one of theWheels of the motor; using cylinders and pistons of the singleaoting-ltypa p e characters of reference designate corresponding partsthroughoutv the several vlews.

The compressed air motor forming the v subject-matter of thisapplication, comprises a base 1, uponwhich any approved number ofstandards, as 2, are secured by any approved means, as the bolts 3, andaccommodating at their upper ends alined bearings for the shaft 4extending longitudinally'of the machine. The bearings for the shaft 4comprise each a collar 5 provided -with one or more annular groovesformin races for the series of balls 6 and With bus 'ng 7 sur-l roundingand embracing the balls and upon rwhich the said balls travel.

Upon the shaft 4 are mounted any approved number Of .Wheels similar inconstruction and operation, the description of one of Which will servefor the desori tion of all. The said Wheels comprise a erlpheral band 8and hub 9 with radial spokes 10 arranged in pairs parallel to eachother, and spaced apart approximately the Width of and'secured to theouter edges of the rim 8. Upon alternate spokes 10 are mounted weights11 and upon the intervening spokes are mounted weights-12 similar inexternal conformation. The weights 11 and 12 are rigidly connected bymeans of rods or bands 13 and are each provided with friction plates 14,bearing against the. inner 4surface of opposite spokes 10, whereby thesaid connected weights are slidable'upon the said spokes as guidessimultaneously and diametrically of the Wheel. The Weight` .11 isprovided upon Opposite sides with recesses 15 and 16 and the hub isprovided with plungers 17 positioned to engage Within the said recessesto form dash pots for cushioning the fall of the weight upon the hub.The peripheral band 8 is likewise provided with plungers 1-8 positionedto engage Within the recesses 15. for

like purposes. The Weight 12 is provided internally, at-26,into thecentral bore 27 of the piston. Within the central bore 27 of the pistonis mounted a second iston 28 similarly formed with spaced wa s 29 and30, defining an annular chamber 31 communicating externally, as at 32,with the bore 27, upon one side of the piston 28, and by means of anaxial opening 33 with the bore 27 upon the opposite side. The piston 21isv also provided with an axial forming'communication between the boreof the piston 2O and the bore 27. The walls 29 and 30 of the innerpiston rod are connected by means of screw-threads at their extremitieswith the hub 9 and the chamber 31 is in communication with the passage35 formed in the hub, while the central bore 36`of the piston rod is incommunication with the passage 37 adjacent to the passa e 35. To

properly retain the cylinder an its associated pistons within the socket19 of the weight 12, bars 38 are proyided engaging the sai cylinder inany approved manner and secured to the weight 12 as by the screws 39.One end of the hub 9 is preferably formed conical and through theconical end of the said-hub the passages and 37 open. Upon the conicalend of the saidhub is en aged a collar 40 arranged to conform to aniitthe said conical end and provided with inlet ports 41 and 42diametrically opposite, bu't differently spaced relative to the centerof Y the shaft 4 and communicating by means of to the shaft 4, the saidtance equal to the distance-of .cate by means of a a pipe 43 withthesource of compressed fluid energy, as herein described The collar 40 isalso provided with segmental exhaust ports 44 and 45, differently spacedrelative port A45 being s aced from the shaft at a distance equal to t einlet port 42, and the port 45 spaced at a disthe inlet port 45communipipe 46 withthe storage reservoir which receives the compressedair used in the cylinders and stores it in condition for use in the nextcylinders in series; To retain the collar 40 in operative position,

41. The exhaust ports 44 and relative to the hub 9, a standard 47 isrigidly secured to the base 1, and provided with an opening to embracethe shaft 4, and a sleeve 48 surrounding the'said shaft and extending Awithin the central opening of the block 40.

I Between the standard 47 and the collar 40 and embracing the sleeve48'is disposed a coil spring 49 positioned to force the said collar intooperative engagement with theconical end of the hub.

For the storage ofcompressed 'fluid energy a reservoir 50 is divided asat 51 and 52 eral wheels of the motor communicate in cases where aplurality of such wheels are used. As shown in Fig. 2 three such wheelsare mounted u on a single shaft andthe exhaust port of tllie first wheelin series commuopening 34.'

nately. When the air enters the l the hub 9. T

separate compartments with which the sev-l tion of the W eel.

nicates with one compartment of the storage reservoir 50, and the mletport ofthe next in series communicates with the same compartment. Theexhaust port of the second wheel in series communicates with the secondcompartment, and the inlet port ofthe third in series with the same comartment, while the exhaust ort of the third? in series communicates witthe third compartment, which-is arranged to discharge into theatmosphere or to the compressor, so that the said'air may be compresseand again used.

In .association with the motor a storage l reservoir 53 is providedcommunicating by means of a pipe 54 with-any ap roved form of compressorand by means o the pipe 55 with the' inlet ort of the first wheel inseries. In operation the motor receives air from the reservoir 53ythrough the pipe 55 to the inlet ports 41 and 42 of the first wheel inseries.

he compressed air is supplied from the ports 41 and 42 by the passages35 and 37 alterit is conducted to the annular c lamber 30 and throughthe portsl 32 intoV the bore-27, between the pistons 28 and theextremity of the intermediate piston. The interior piston ,being rigidwith the hub is immovable relativethereto and the intermediate piston by`reason of the compressedair acting between the interior piston head andthe immovable end of the said intermediate piston, forces the saidpiston toward the hub. At the same time the compressed air passesthrough the port l26 into the chamber 24 and through the port 25 intotlie interior of the piston 2() between thepiston head 21 and the innerend of the said cylinder. The action of the compressed air upon theintermediate piston and the cylinder 2O forces the said iston andcylassage 35 inder above the hub and carneswith it the weight 12 and itsrigidly connected4 opposite weight 11. The port 41 communicating withthe said passage 35 is disposed at the extreme lower side ofthe collar40 and air is admitted to move the said weights, as described, when theweight 12 is at its lower limit and in contact with the rim 8, and theweight 11 in contact with the hub. The introduction of the weight, asdescribed, and the movement of the said weights, throw the weight 11outwardly adjacent the rim 8 and draws the wei ht 12 into juxtapositionwith he wheel moving in the direction of the arrow, in Fig. 3, by reasonof the weights disposed adjacent its periphery overl balancing theweights adjacent t weight 1,1 thrown into the scribed, is in periphery,as de- 40 site cylinder, whereby the, said connected each of which ismounted a piston 96 having a hollow .piston rod 97, the internal bore ofwhich communicates with the interior of the piston 95 by a port 98.Within the interior -bore 99 of the-piston rod 97 is mounted a piston100 having a hollow piston rod 101 provided with an interior bore 102communicating with the interior bore 99 by means of a port 103. Toprevent the imprisonment of compressedA airwithin the cylinder 9 5, an

opening 104 is provided and a similar opening 105 provided for asimilar-purpose in the hollow piston rod 97,.

In operating with a single cylinder, only one inletuport is provided asthe port 42, the port 41 serving as an exhaust port, When the weightfitted with a single acting expansion cyhnder reaches the uppermostpoint of its rotary movement, air is admitted through the port 42 to thebore 102 of the inner piston rod and through the ports 103 and 98 tooperate the piston and cylinder to move the weight radially outward tothe periphery of the Wheel, and its associate Weight inwardly to thehub. AAns the port 42 is open to admit air to move the weights, asdescribed, the.

port 41- is similarly opened to permit the ex` haust of the airimprisoned within the oppoweights are simultaneously operated in manner'similar to the operation with the double acting cylinder and piston. Itis also desirable 1n some vcases to employ a contracting cylinder andpiston, as shown in Fig. 9, which said cylinder comprises -a cylindercasing 106 within which is mounted to. reciprocate the piston"107provided with a hollow piston rod 108, which communicates with thepiston 106'through the ports 109 at the side of the piston 107, nextadjacent the hub. The piston rod 108 is provided with a central bore 109within which is mounted to reciprocate a piston 110 having a piston nod111 formed with a central bore 112, which communicates with the bore 109by means of ports 113 opening upon the side ofthe piston 110 nextadjacent the hub. For use in connection with the contracting cylinder,the ports 42 and 41 are likewise alternately ex'- haust and inlet ports,but the inlet port is now at the lower extreme and the exhaust port atthe upper extreme. When air is admitted through theinlet port at thelower extreme of rotary movement, it is admitted to bore 112, andthrough the ports 113 and the bore 109 of the piston rod 108 to move thesaid piston 107 toward the hub, When the piston 107 is moved asuflicient distance to uncover the ports 109, air is admitted to thecylinder 106 to move the said cylinder and its associated weight towardthe hub. It will thus be seen that with the contracting cylinder, shownat Fig. 9, themovement is to lift the lower weight by means ofcompressed air introduced therein, while the vair is exhausting from theupper weight rigidly connected therewith.

The air to start and operate the motor may be supplied to the reservoirfrom any improved source and after. the motor has started, when the loadis removed, orw'hen for other reasons the inertia of the'motor isexerting more'energy than is required to operate the load, thecompressor connected with the said shaft will: supply compressed air tothe reservoir.

` Ill/'hat We .claim is 1. In a machine ofthe class described, a Wheel,a plurality of weights mounted in said Wheels and to move in pairsdiametrically thereof, cylinders and pistons carried by said weights,and means for admitting a luid under tension to the said cylinders tomove the pairs of Weights alternately from the h'ub to the periphery ofthe whee v 2. In a machine of the class described, a wheel provided witha plurality of radial spokes,a plurality of weights mounted to move uponsaid spokes as guides and connected 1n diametrical airs, cylinders andpistons carried by said weights and connected with the hub, means foradmitting lluid undertension to thehub, and means to control the iiow ofiluid to move the pairs of weights alternately from the .hub to theperiphery.

3. In a machine of the class described, a wheel provided with .aplurality of radial spokes, weights e ualing in numberthe spokes andmounte to move radially thereupon, means connecting opposite weightsrigidly together, c linders and pistons carried by one of eac pair ofthe Weights and -connected with the hub and arranged to istons carriedby the Weights., and means or admitting iluid under compression to thesaid c linders.

Y`5. n a machine' of the class described, a wheel, a plurality ofweights movably mounted upon the wheel, hollow telescoping membersconnectinor the weights to the wheel, and means adapte to control theiiow of fluid to and to actuate the telescoping members and the Weights.

6. In a machine of the class described, moving parts, a cylinderconnected to one moving part, a piston mounted to reciprocate within thecylinder, a hollow piston rod connected with said iston and extendingthrough the end of tile cylinder, a second piston mounted within thepiston rod of the intermediate piston, a hollow piston rod for theinternal piston extending through the end thereof, and connected-withthe other movin part, and with ports communicating from t e bore of thehollow piston to their respective cylinders, and means adapted tocontrol the i'low of fluid to the cylinder and piston. f 7. In a machineof the class described, moving parts, a cylinder connected with onemoving part, a piston mounted Within the cylinder, a hollow piston rodfor said piston extending through the end of the cylinder and with portsformed in the hollow piston rod adjacent .the piston, an interior pistonmounted to reciprocate within the inter- 4mediate piston, a hollowpiston rod'rigidliy connected to the interior piston and exten ingthrough the outer end of the intermediate piston, and connected with theother moving part, and provided with ports formed ad' jacent theintermediate piston, and means adapted to control the flow of iiuid tothe cylinder, andpiston. j

8, In a machine of the class described, moving parts, a cylinderconnected to one of the moving parts, a piston mounted Within thecylinder, a hollow piston rod rigidly connected with the piston andextending throughY -the outer end thereof, and composed of spaced sidewalls, ports piercin the inner wall adjacent the outer end, an the outerwall adjacent the inner-end, a iston mounted to reciprocate Within thehol ow piston rod,

a hollow piston rod for the inner piston composed of spaced side wallsand connected to one of' the moving parts and having ports piercing 'theouter walls of the piston rod of the inner piston, said ports formedthrough the inner and intermediate means adapted to control t to thecylinder andpiston.

9. In a machine of the class described, a wheel, a plurality of weightsmovably mounted Within the wheel, telescoping members for movin theweights, and means adapted to control the flow of a iiuid to thetelescoping parts.

In testimony whereof we aflix our signatures in presence oi1 twoWitnesses.

Witnesses CARLE WHITEHEAD, ELIHU PALMER.

e i'low of aiiuid iston heads, and l

